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Bite force and occlusal stress production in hominin evolution

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Bite force and occlusal stress production in hominin evolution

Auteurs : Carolyn M. Eng [États-Unis] ; Daniel E. Lieberman ; Katherine D. Zink ; Michael A. Peters

Source :

American Journal of Physical Anthropology [ 0002-9483 ] ; 2013-08.

RBID : ISTEX:F115EE4F057932E081CE8C047A62C7BF0E01A0AC

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Wicri :
- topic : Transformation alimentaire.

English descriptors

Abstract

Maximum bite force affects craniofacial morphology and an organism's ability to break down foods with different material properties. Humans are generally believed to produce low bite forces and spend less time chewing compared with other apes because advances in mechanical and thermal food processing techniques alter food material properties in such a way as to reduce overall masticatory effort. However, when hominins began regularly consuming mechanically processed or cooked diets is not known. Here, we apply a model for estimating maximum bite forces and stresses at the second molar in modern human, nonhuman primate, and hominin skulls that incorporates skeletal data along with species‐specific estimates of jaw muscle architecture. The model, which reliably estimates bite forces, shows a significant relationship between second molar bite force and second molar area across species but does not confirm our hypothesis of isometry. Specimens in the genus Homo fall below the regression line describing the relationship between bite force and molar area for nonhuman anthropoids and australopiths. These results suggest that Homo species generate maximum bite forces below those predicted based on scaling among australopiths and nonhuman primates. Because this decline occurred before evidence for cooking, we hypothesize that selection for lower bite force production was likely made possible by an increased reliance on nonthermal food processing. However, given substantial variability among in vivo bite force magnitudes measured in humans, environmental effects, especially variations in food mechanical properties, may also be a factor. The results also suggest that australopiths had ape‐like bite force capabilities. Am J Phys Anthropol 151:544–557, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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https://api.istex.fr/document/F115EE4F057932E081CE8C047A62C7BF0E01A0AC/fulltext/pdf

DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22296

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Daniel E. Lieberman

<affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, MA, 02138, Cambridge</mods:affiliation>
<wicri:noCountry code="subField">Cambridge</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>

Katherine D. Zink

<affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, MA, 02138, Cambridge</mods:affiliation>
<wicri:noCountry code="subField">Cambridge</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>

Michael A. Peters

<affiliation><mods:affiliation>Department of Human Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, MA, 02138, Cambridge</mods:affiliation>
<wicri:noCountry code="subField">Cambridge</wicri:noCountry>
</affiliation>

Le document en format XML

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<term>Africanus</term>
<term>American journal</term>
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<term>Habilis</term>
<term>Harvard university</term>
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<term>Homo species</term>
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<term>Information table</term>
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<term>Orangutan</term>
<term>Other primates</term>
<term>Paniscus</term>
<term>Pcsa</term>
<term>Pcsa values</term>
<term>Pcsas</term>
<term>Peabody museum</term>
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<term>Pennation angle</term>
<term>Personal communications</term>
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<term>Phys anthropol hylander</term>
<term>Physical anthropology</term>
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<term>Proc natl acad</term>
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<term>Pygmaeus</term>
<term>Regression line</term>
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<term>Skeletally</term>
<term>Skull</term>
<term>Standard deviations</term>
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<term>American journal</term>
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<term>Anthropol</term>
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<term>Australopiths</term>
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<term>Bers</term>
<term>Body mass</term>
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<term>Chimp temporalis</term>
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<term>Csas</term>
<term>Demes</term>
<term>Digital calipers</term>
<term>Early homo</term>
<term>Erectus</term>
<term>Evol</term>
<term>Extant apes</term>
<term>Extant primates</term>
<term>Extant species</term>
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<term>Female pleistocene</term>
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<term>Force values</term>
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<term>Harvard university</term>
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<term>Standard deviations</term>
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<front><div type="abstract">Maximum bite force affects craniofacial morphology and an organism's ability to break down foods with different material properties. Humans are generally believed to produce low bite forces and spend less time chewing compared with other apes because advances in mechanical and thermal food processing techniques alter food material properties in such a way as to reduce overall masticatory effort. However, when hominins began regularly consuming mechanically processed or cooked diets is not known. Here, we apply a model for estimating maximum bite forces and stresses at the second molar in modern human, nonhuman primate, and hominin skulls that incorporates skeletal data along with species‐specific estimates of jaw muscle architecture. The model, which reliably estimates bite forces, shows a significant relationship between second molar bite force and second molar area across species but does not confirm our hypothesis of isometry. Specimens in the genus Homo fall below the regression line describing the relationship between bite force and molar area for nonhuman anthropoids and australopiths. These results suggest that Homo species generate maximum bite forces below those predicted based on scaling among australopiths and nonhuman primates. Because this decline occurred before evidence for cooking, we hypothesize that selection for lower bite force production was likely made possible by an increased reliance on nonthermal food processing. However, given substantial variability among in vivo bite force magnitudes measured in humans, environmental effects, especially variations in food mechanical properties, may also be a factor. The results also suggest that australopiths had ape‐like bite force capabilities. Am J Phys Anthropol 151:544–557, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</div>
</front>
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Bite force and occlusal stress production in hominin evolution

Bite force and occlusal stress production in hominin evolution

Source :

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

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Links to Exploration step

Curation

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Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri